The North-East region of India is criss-crossed by Himalayan ranges flanking the Brahmaputra and Sumatra Valleys. The region lies between 89° and 98° E longitude, and 22° to 30° N latitude. Altitude varies from 30 m to 4500 m above mean sea level. The region shares international boundaries with four countries viz; Myanamar in the East and South-East, China in the North, Bhutan in the North-West, and Bangladesh in the West and South-West.

The North-Eastern region is endowed with rich forest wealth comprising 25.7% forest cover of the country. The total forest cover in the region is 163,799 sq. km, which is about 64% of the geographic area as against the national average of 19.39%. Brahmaputra, and Barrak are two main river and valley systems in the region. Owing to geographical position, it offers a complex variety of habitats and ecosystems. Being rich in bio-diversity, it enjoys a special ecological status as one of the eighteen "hot spots" of the world. The local population is mainly the tribes.